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web api instance property

ImageData: data property

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Available in workers

The readonly ImageData.data property returns a Uint8ClampedArray or Float16Array that contains the ImageData object’s pixel data. Data is stored as a one-dimensional array in the RGBA order.

Value

The type depends on the pixelFormat used:

Examples

Getting an ImageData object’s pixel data

This example creates an ImageData object that is 100 pixels wide and 100 pixels tall, making 10,000 pixels in all. The data array stores four values for each pixel, making 4 x 10,000, or 40,000 values in all.

let imageData = new ImageData(100, 100);
console.log(imageData.data); // Uint8ClampedArray[40000]
console.log(imageData.data.length); // 40000

If the ImageData object is set up for floating-point pixels — for example, for high dynamic range (HDR) images —data will be a Float16Array instead.

let floatArray = new Float16Array(4 * 200 * 200);
let imageData = new ImageData(floatArray, 200, 200, {
  pixelFormat: "rgba-float16",
});
console.log(imageData.data); // Float16Array

Filling a blank ImageData object

This example creates and fills a new ImageData object with colorful pixels.

HTML

<canvas id="canvas"></canvas>

JavaScript

Since each pixel consists of four values within the data array, the for loop iterates by multiples of four. The values associated with each pixel are R (red), G (green), B (blue), and A (alpha), in that order.

const canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
const imageData = ctx.createImageData(100, 100);

// Fill the array with RGBA values
for (let i = 0; i < imageData.data.length; i += 4) {
  // Percentage in the x direction, times 255
  let x = ((i % 400) / 400) * 255;
  // Percentage in the y direction, times 255
  let y = (Math.ceil(i / 400) / 100) * 255;

  // Modify pixel data
  imageData.data[i + 0] = x; // R value
  imageData.data[i + 1] = y; // G value
  imageData.data[i + 2] = 255 - x; // B value
  imageData.data[i + 3] = 255; // A value
}

// Draw image data to the canvas
ctx.putImageData(imageData, 20, 20);

Result

Interactive exampleOpen the canonical MDN source to run this embedded demo.

More examples

For more examples using ImageData.data, see Pixel manipulation with canvas, createImageData(), and putImageData().

Specifications

SpecificationsStandards references are available on the canonical MDN page.

Browser compatibility

Browser compatibilityCompatibility data is available on the canonical MDN page.

See also